James Bay Hydroelectric Project Montreal PQ H2Z 1A4 With its $16 billion price tag, the project is one of the world's largest energy projects. The Eastmain and Caniapiscau river diversions each added about 800m3/s of water to the La Grande River. James Bay HydroElectric Project Wholly Owned Subsidiary of the Government, Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), independent U.S. government corporate agency, created in 1933 by act of Congress; it is responsible for the integra, HYDROELECTRIC POWER. [20] Liberal strategists then chose to make the announcement before a partisan crowd assembled at Quebec's Little Coliseum as part of the Liberal party gathering celebrating the first year of Bourassa's term, on April 30, 1971. They believed the government of Quebec was acting in violation of treaties and committing unlawful expropriation and destruction of traditional hunting and trapping lands. (514) 289-2211 [40] This rapid spike of mercury levels in two of the fish species used extensively by the area's Cree is attributed to the processes of bioaccumulation and biomagnification. On the other hand, the reduced flow of the Caniapiscau River and the Koksoak River has permanently reduced the risk of natural floods on the lower Caniapiscau during the period of caribou migrations, giving hunters greater access to caribou than ever before. The James Bay Hydro-electric Project, presently under construction in northern Qubec, is one of the world's largest energy developments. [10], With the nationalization of privately owned utilities in 1963, Hydro-Qubec inherited the preliminary studies conducted by Finlayson and his team on the hydroelectric potential of James Bay rivers. Hydro-Electric Project ." WebThe SEBJ is responsible for the hydroelectric development of rivers of the Quebec side of James Bay, which is the southern extension of Hudson Bay. The generating plants of this second phase of the project produce about 18.9TWh of power per year, operating at between 60% and 70% of their maximum rated generating capacity. Premier Bourassa estimated that this phase would create 40,000 construction job-years (equivalent to 4,000 jobs lasting 10 years). WebThe James Bay Hydroelectric Project proposed by Hydro-Quebec, the government run electricity company, would construct three major dams at James Bay. [19] Moreover, Bourassa argued his 1969 estimates showed demand for electricity would outstrip supply by 11,000 MW by 1983, concurring with forecasts made at the time by Hydro-Quebec. James Bay Project The federal Indian affairs minister Jean Chrtien intervened on the side of the Cree and the Inuit, hiring lawyers to argue their case in the courts. 1, no. It was established in December 1971 by the Socit de dveloppement de la Baie James (SDBJ), a Crown corporation of the province of Quebec The region's climate is subarctic. In February 2002, the Bernard Landry government and the Grand Council of the Crees signed the Peace of the Braves (French: Paix des Braves) and the Boumhounan Agreement, establishing a new relationship between Quebec and the Crees and agreeing on environmental rules for the construction of three new power stations built between 2003 and 2011 the Eastmain-1, Eastmain-1-A and Sarcelle generating stations and the diversion of the Rupert River. WebWith its $16 billion price tag, the project is one of the world's largest energy projects. [15], On December 16, 1969, Liberal Backbencher Member of the National Assembly Robert Bourassa met with the president of Hydro-Qubec, Roland Giroux over lunch at the parliamentary dining room in Quebec City. James Bay hydroelectric project The summer runoff rate of La Grande increased by 40%, making the average annual runoff rate 91% greater than its natural rate. This agreement was signed on a nation-to-nation basis and provided for increased participation of indigenous communities in matters of mining, forestry and hydroelectric development [3]. The lobby had its supporters within the ranks at Hydro-Qubec, and has been vocal when the provincial government made the decision to invest in the Churchill Falls venture with Brinco. Hydroelectric development of Canada's James Bay area is a project started in 1971 that will cost well in excess of $50 billion. February 05, 2002. Some Cree spokespersons considered the agreement a vindication of the long campaign, waged since 1975, to have Cree rights respected. Opposition among the Cree was even more vocal this time than in the early 1970s. ( See also Hydroelectricity in Canada .) The James Bay Project (French: projet de la Baie-James) refers to the construction of a series of hydroelectric power stations on the La Grande River in northwestern Quebec, Canada by state-owned utility Hydro-Qubec, and the diversion of neighbouring rivers into the La Grande watershed. WebThe James Bay Project By the time the provincial government announced the mega-hydroelectric project of the James Bay in 1971, the subsidence way of life that had sustained the Cree was much altered. The complex generates a total of 15,000 megawatts. They were thus more supportive of the second phase of the project, though the intended benefits never materialized as the project was shelved [2]. Planning and construction of the James Bay Hydroelectric project began in the early 1970s, when the effect of such projects on the physical and social environment was seldom considered. Not so long ago, policy analysts and members of the general public alike equated progress with megaprojects involving the exploitation of natural resources and, more particularly, large-scale efforts to harness the energy latent in the flow of major rivers. (June 29, 2023). History of Electricity in Quebec Learn more about hydroelectricity and the history of Hydro-Qubec. flow into Rupert Bay by 18 per cent. Canadians should have access to free, impartial, fact-checked, regularly updated information Benthic organisms (benthos), the whitefish's primary prey, consume a great deal of zooplankton, causing the mercury concentration in a single organism to magnify due to accumulation of mercury and its inability to be excreted. In: J.F. In 1971, Hydro-Qubec and the government of Quebec initiated the James Bay Project, a monumental hydroelectric-power development on the east coast of James Bay . Therefore, its best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publications requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html. From 1981 to 1982, a few years after the flooding of La Grande River, mercury levels in lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) increased up to fourfold their pre-flooding levels, while those in northern pike (Esox lucius) rose up to sevenfold during the same period. While financial compensation has been given, there is internal strife as to whether it should have been accepted in the first place. James Bay Project [45] The result has been considerable decay (decomposition) of dead trees along the shoreline, consequently releasing stored mercury into the area's terrestrial ecosystem through bioaccumulation in decomposers and detritovores and eventual biomagnification up the food web. Tulsa District, US Army Corps of Engineers A website of Hydro-Qubec. [30] In March 1974, when one sub-contractor refused to fire two workers belonging to the rival CNFU union, the FTQ workers destroyed the LG-2 site, causing $35 million in damage. WebII of the James Bay Project. Tulsa District operates and maintains 8 hydroelectric power plants, containing a total of 22 units with a generating capacity of 584 megawatts. James Bay HydroElectric Project Fish constituted a free, healthy and nutritious cornerstone to the Cree diet. WebSummary. [4] Young, O., 1999. Former Grand Chief of the Crees (Eeyou Istchee) Matthew Mukash[37] (elected in late 2005 and served until 2009) opposed the Rupert River diversion and favoured the construction of wind turbines. James Bay Hydro-Electric Development In the 1970s, the government-owned Hydro-Quebec electric utility began to divert these rivers, flooding 3,861 square miles (10,000 km2) of land. There are six reservoirs with 147 earth and rockfill dams containing 203.5 million yd 3 of material and extending 60 miles in total length. [43] The doubling of the freshwater input into James Bay during the winter decreases the salinity of the seawater, thereby increasing the freezing point of the bay. [online] Cree Nation Government. Their resistance strategy included court battles and extensive lobbying, specifically in the northeast of the US, where some of the electricity would be sold [1, 2], as well as forging alliances with international ENGOs including Greenpeace, the Sierra Club and Friends of the Earth [2, 7]. In the late 80s, the re-elected Bourassa announced the development of the second phase of the JBHP: La Grande Baleine [7]. Vast areas of wilderness were As environmental assessments were not then required under Quebec law, construction of the 700 kilometres (430mi) James Bay Road to the La Grande River was begun in 1971 and completed by October 1974 at a cost of about $400 million. It would have had a reservoir surface of 3576 square kilometers and 3 generating units [2]. Tulsa District operates and maintains 8 hydroelectric power plants, containing a total of 22 units with a generating capacity of 584 megawatts. Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.com cannot guarantee each citation it generates. Retrieved June 29, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/james-bay-hydropower-project. James Bay Energy James Bay Hydro Project James Bay Hydro-Electric Development A second phase of the project added two more hydroelectric complexes, supplying another 12,000 megawatts of power--the equivalent of more than thirty-five nuclear power plants . Opposition to this phase of the project by the Cree was more vehement than it had been to Phase I. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). The project flooded 11,500 km2 of wilderness land that was home to the James Bay Cree and Inuit. Tulsa District, US Army Corps of Engineers A second phase of the project added two more hydroelectric complexes, supplying another 12,000 megawatts of power--the equivalent of more than thirty-five nuclear power plants . Being unable to trust fish consumption has moreover led to a loss of livelihood for several community members and, furthermore, an unwillful reconversion to other forms of subsistence, a process also accompanied by psychological distress [10].

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